Tanzania Travel Guide

TRAVEL GUIDE

A journey through Tanzania, Africa's visual masterpiece, is one of the best trips one can make in a lifetime. It's a country of astonishing natural splendor, incredible wildlife spotting, powder white beaches, charming ancient towns, and archaeological UNESCO world heritage sites. One of the most dramatic stages for a classic African safari is Tanzania's Great Migration, where mighty herds of hundreds of thousands of wildebeest and zebras thunder across the Serengeti plains while chasing the rains in a race for life as they are purchased by a large number of predators. But the country offers much more than a Big Five safari experience. Africa's highest mountain, Mount Kilimanjaro, rises 5,895 m (19,341 ft) above sea level from its surrounding lush, grassy plains. Its snow-capped peak is a sight to behold and towers over the land. Climbing Kilimanjaro is surprisingly easy and standing on the roof of Africa is a life-changing experience. Most visitors to Tanzania will end their unforgettable safari and mountain adventure with a serene and relaxing holiday on the sugar white, palm-fringed sands of Zanzibar, the intoxicatingly beautiful and exotic Spice Island. Tanzania also harbors some of the world's finest and most luxurious hotels & lodges, matching the country's breathtaking scenery.

BEST TIME TO VISIT

Tanzania sits on the equator and enjoys a pleasant climate year round. While there's little fluctuation in monthly temperatures, the seasons do differ in the amount of precipitation received, which will affect your holiday, whether you are looking for a beach vacation in Zanzibar, a trek to the summit of the Kilimanjaro, or a safari in the national parks.

• The best time to visit Tanzania is during the long, dry season, from June to October, when most days are sunny and substantial rainfall is fairly unusual.
• Another popular time to visit Tanzania is during the short dry season from January to February when dry weather prevails although humidity is picking up.
• The worst time to visit Tanzania is during the main rainy season, or the ‘long rains', which last from March to May. Daily heavy tropical downpours (mainly occurring in the afternoon) are the norm and can ruin a holiday.
• During November and December there's another rainy season, the so-called ‘short rains', but these are much lighter, less frequent and less reliable than the long rains.

The best time to visit Tanzania depends on your interests:

• The best time to witness the Great Migration in the Serengeti is probably February and March (start of the long rains) when the wildebeest and zebra congregate and calve on the vast treeless plains. Not only can you enjoy seeing baby animals, but the predators are at the highest number too. In late June to August, the great migration hops over to North Serengeti and Kenya's Masai Mara and this is the time that you can witness spectacular River crossings with crocodiles killing their prey (although it is hard to predict the exact time of this event)
• The best time for a beach holiday in Zanzibar is the long dry season (June to October), or the short dry season (January and February). During the short rains, it doesn't rain every day, but days can be overcast and cloudy. Zanzibar is best avoided during the long rains.
• The best time to climb Kilimanjaro tends to be the warmest and driest months (July & August, and January & February). The primary issue is safety, as the risks associated with climbing increase significantly when the weather is foul. The effects of rain, mud, snow, ice and cold can be very strenuous on the body.

HOW TO GET THERE

Tanzania receives numerous international and domestic daily flights via its three main airports:

• Julius Nyerere International Airport (DAR) is the international airport of Dar es Salaam, the largest city in Tanzania. It is located about 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) southwest of the city center. The airport has flights to destinations in Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. It is named after Julius Nyerere, the nation's first president. Click here for a list of airlines that offer direct flights to Dar Es Salaam.
• Abeid Amani Karume International Airport (ZNZ) is the main airport in the Zanzibar Archipelago located on Unguja Island. It is about 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) south of Zanzibar City, the capital of Zanzibar. It was previously known as Kisauni Airport and Zanzibar International Airport, but was renamed in 2010 in honour of Abeid Amani Karume, the island's first president. Click here for a list of airlines that offer direct flights to Zanzibar.
• Kilimanjaro International Airport (JRO) is the international airport in northern Tanzania that serves the cities of Arusha and Moshi. This is the preferred airport for a safari on the Northern Circuit. Click here for a list of airlines that offer direct flights to Kilimanjaro.

Some visitors prefer to fly to Kenia's Nairobi International Airport (NBO), and then take a private or shared shuttle bus service which operates between Nairobi and Arusha, the closest town to the parks on the Northern Safari Circuit.

If you want to travel the entire country, it's best to either arrive in Kilimanjaro and depart from Zanzibar, or the other way around. Some airliners offer multi-city tickets at often the same price for a round-trip ticket. KLM, Qatar Airways, and Ethiopian Airlines currently have the best connections to the country since they serve at least two airports within Tanzania.

GETTING AROUND

Although self-driving in Tanzania is not recommended due to poor road conditions, it's still easy to get around by making use of one of the several modes of transportation that are available:

• When you book a safari, the operator or lodge will always arrange a driver who doubles as an informal guide. Most tourists in the Northern Circuit will explore the National Parks in that area (Serengeti, Ngorongoro, Tarangire and Lake Manyara) with a driver in a four-wheel drive vehicle.
• Domestic flights are the quickest and most comfortable option if you want to visit several parts of the country during your journey. There are several domestic airlines that link the most popular safari destinations and provide services to the coast. Some of the more upmarket safari lodges have their own airstrips and use small planes operated by private air charter companies to ferry their guests in, which is a good alternative to long drives on dusty roads. These are some of Tanzania's domestic airlines that offer online bookings:
  • Precision Air
  • Air Tanzania
  • Coastal Aviation
  • Air Excel
  • ZanAir
  • Auric Air
• Long-haul buses are the best and cheapest way to travel for tourists on a budget. Large buses and dala-dala cover a nation-wide network that links the major towns, including international routes from Dar es Salaam to Nairobi and Mombasa in Kenya. As I experienced myself during my travels in Tanzania as a student, some of the buses are (dangerously) tired, can be driven rather recklessly, and can be overcrowded.
• There are two major railways that crisscross Tanzania and offer a limited number of services per week. Clean bedding is provided in cars with sleeping berths, and there are dining cars. However, trains are best avoided since the rolling stock is very old and dirty, the trains get overcrowded with not only people but also sacks of vegetables and livestock, and theft is common.

INSPIRATION, HIGHLIGHTS & TRAVEL TIPS

There are several good reasons why you should put Tanzania on your bucket list:

• Be awe-inspired by the Great Migration in the Serengeti
• Climb Mount Kilimanjaro
• Track chimpanzees in Gombe Stream National Park
• Observe the wildlife in the Ngorongoro crater
• Relax on Zanzibar's magnificent white sand beaches
• Explore Stone Town, a UNESCO World Heritage site
• Stay at some of Africa's best safari lodges and beach resorts

TRAVEL REQUIREMENTS

Requirements for entry into Tanzania differ from country to country, and are subject to change. Prior to departure, always check with your government and your nearest Tanzanian embassy or consulate what documents you need for travel to Tanzania.

• You need an international passport with at least six months validity to enter Tanzania.
• Most nationalities need a tourist or business visa to enter Tanzania. You should get one from your nearest Tanzanian embassy or consulate before you travel through online application.
• You might need a yellow fever certificate. The government of Tanzania requires proof of yellow fever vaccination if travelling from a country with risk of yellow fever. If you are travelling directly from US and transit through another country is not required. A complete list is available at U.S. CDC website.